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Homo heidelbergensis: Broken Hill 1

  • Geologic Age:

    300 Ka

  • Discovery Date:

    17 Jun 1921

  • Discovered By:

    Tom Zwigelaar

  • Discovery Location:

    Limestone Cave, Kabwe, Zambia

  • Cranial Capacity:

    1300 cc

  • Specimen Age:

    Adult

  • Sex:

    Undetermined

  • Original Publication:

    Woodward FRS 1921

    Broken Hill 1, or Kabwe 1, is noted is noted for its massive facial features, including a thick supraorbital tori, relatively large canines, and a receding frontal bone1. Despite its robust face, the zygomatic arch preserved on the right side is relatively gracile and post orbital constriction is minimal2. One of the most notable features on this fossil is the evidence for extreme tooth decay in 10 of the 16 maxillary teeth, and abscesses in the jaw1,3. Molars appear modern, in that the upper third molar is smaller than the first and second molars2.

    1. Klein RG. 2009. The Human Career: Human Biological and Cultural Origins. Third Edition. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
    2. Schwartz JH and Tattersall I. 2003. The Human Fossil Record: Craniodental Morphology of Genus Homo (Africa and Asia) Volume 2. Hoboken: Wiley-Liss.
    3. Johanson D and Edgar B. 2006. From Lucy to Language: Revised, Updated, and Expanded. New York: Simon and Schuster.

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